Eozewski



B. ROSEIVIAN-ROZEWSKI.

ROTARY ENGINE APPLICATION FILED JUNE 4, I9I4.

Patented Aug. 29, 1916.

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B. ROSEMAN-ROZEWSKI.

ROTARY `ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 4. I9I4.

Patented Aug. 29, 1916.

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BERTOLD ROSEMAN-ROZEWSKI, 0F VIENNA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

ROTARY ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 29, 1916.

Application filed June 4, 1914. Serial No. 843,046.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, BERTOLD RosiiMAN- Roznwsxi, engineer, a subject of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, and residing at Vienna, Austria-Hungary, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in and Relating to Rotary Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to rotary engines.

The invention consists in that the engine is equipped with three or more traveling pistons, the length of the pistons being an aliquot part of the length of the cylinder, each piston receiving at different points of the cylinder at given times, a working impulse, the pistons cooperating with each other in suoli manner that between the leading piston and the lagging piston there are always located one or more pistons forming an abutment. Owing to the fact that at least three pistons are used, an unyielding and reliably acting abutment is obtained at the end of the stroke of each piston. An engine of this type permits of an accurate regulation of the adjustment of the pistons in relation to the admission valves and the exhaust valves. The same renders possible, that already during the working stroke of a piston the next piston is started, whereby an increased and most economical utilization of the cylinder space for doing work may be obtained. Owing to the possible compression of the driving'fluid, such as steam or the like between each two pistons, which compression may be regulated, it is possible to accurately adjust the pistons, while when employing steam as driving fluid, the exhaust steam may be used for compounding purposes. A further advantage of the coperation of the various pistons is that a jerky driving of the shaft is avoided.

One form of carrying the invention into effect is shown by way of example in the accompanying drawings, which illustrate a rotary engine with three pistons constructed in accordance with this invention and in which Figure 1 shows the improved engine partly in longitudinal section. Fig. 2 is a cross section through the cylinder showing the arrangement of the pistons in the same. Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing a detail of the valve controlling mechanism. Fig. 4 shows a side view of means preventing the pistons from turning backward; and Fig. 5 is a detail in longitudinal section.

In the illustrated example, three pistons 2, and 4 are arranged in the ring-shaped cylinder 1. The pistons 2, 3, 4 are fixed to disks 25, 26, 27 respectively, moving within the casing 28, 29 of the machine. The inlet valves and the exhaust valves 5 and 6 respectively, are distributed in the usual manner symmetrically around the circumference of the cylinder. The intervals at which the inlet valves and the exhaust valves are distributed, correspond to the length of the pistons, the cylinder therefore being a multiple of these intervals. Preferably the number of these interval-divisions increases with the power and the pressure of the steam.

rilhe admission valves and the exhaust valves may Ybe controlled in any desired manner, for instance by means of suitable driven cams 7, and connecting rods 8 raised by the latter at suitable intervals, which connecting rods lift the valves 5 and 6 respectively from their seats through the intermediary of the links 9, 10, 11 and 12.

The engine shaft shown in the drawings consists of two parts 14, 14 each part of which is provided with a number of piston disks, a cam 7 and transmission wheels, should the same be necessary, and also with a gear, for instance a sprocket wheel 15 from which the movement is transmitted to a transmission shaft 16 which is common to all the piston shafts. Preferably the two shaft sections are hollow. The cavity may be used for mounting the locking ring of the inner piston iminovably upon an axle 41 fixed for example to an outer bearing 42 of the shafting. The locking rings for the outer pistons may be fixed to the casing of the engine. Besides, the cavity may be used with' advantage for the accommodation of various setting or adjusting mechanisms and the like, and is easily accessible owing to the fact that the shaft is divided.

In the illustrative example shown in the drawings the movement of the pistons is transmitted to the shaft, by automatic cou- Y plings.

A ring 30 is secured by means of screws to each of the piston disks 25, 26, 27, and is disposed between the hollow shaft on the one hand and the stationary annular member 33 on the other hand. For the outside piston disks on the left and on the right the stationary parts 33 are mounted on the inside of the outer casing. For supporting the stationary part 33 required for the intermediate piston disk 26 moving between the piston disks 25 and 27, a stem is disposed within the hollow shaft 14.

The annular lateral sleeve extension 30 of each piston disk is automatically coupled either to the shaft or to the stationary annular member 33 in accordance with the direction in which the piston disk is traveling or tends to travel. In the illustration an antifriction sleeve is shown fixedly mounted on the shaft. This is effected by means of two series of friction rollers 34; the inner series of friction rollers 34 cooperating with the shaft 14 while the outer series of friction rollers are adapted to engage the stationary member 33. At the bottom of each of the hollow spaces 36 provided for the reception of the friction rollers 34, a wedge-like piece 31 is inserted in such a manner that the working face of the bottom piece converges somewhat toward the curved surface of the clutch member 14, or 33, with which the friction roller is cooperating. It will be seen from Fig. 4 that in the case of the outer series of friction rollers 34, the working faces of the bottom pieces converge toward the inner cylindrical surface of the st-ationary member 33 in a clockwise direction, while with the inner series of clutch rollers the convergency obtains in the opposite direction. Thus, when the piston disk rotates in clockwise direction (see Fig. 4) the inner series of friction rollers move into clamping position between the shaft 14 and the bottom pieces 31 and thereby couple the shaft 14 to the rotating piston disk. When the piston disk thereafter gradually comes to rest and, on account of the compression produced behind the piston, assumes the tendency to rotate in the opposite direction, the outer series of clutch rollers come into operation and couple the piston disk to the stationary member 33. And when the motive fluid again acts upon the piston in clockwise direction the piston disk is again automatically coupled to the shaft 14 which latter never ceases to revolve.

In operating the machine steam is admitted through one of the valves 5, and acts upon the piston in position to receive it, which piston thereupon starts to follow the piston already moving. ,While the speed of the second piston increases, the speed of the first piston gradually decreases and in consequence a compression is produced between the first piston and the second piston following behind the first one. On account of this compression the first piston is pushed farther forward, until it is past an exhaust valve that has been opened in the meantime. The first piston now comes to rest and acts as an abutment for the piston in front as soon as steam is admitted to act upon the latter.

The operation of the machine depends upon proper adjustment of the closing and opening operation of the admission valves and exhaust valves. Each piston is brought to rest always between two valves and this effect is obtained by means of the compression produced between each two pistons moving at the same time but at different speeds.

In the illustration, the driving fluid, steam for instance, from the admission valve 5 which is open at the particular moment enters the cylinder 1 through a narrow slit 17, ybetween the pistons 3 and 2, and drives the latter in the direction indicated by the arrow 19. At any suitable moment during the working stroke of this piston 2, driving fluid is preferably also introduced through the next slit 18, between the pistons 3 and 4, so that the piston 3 begins its stroke, both pistons 2 and 3 working then simultaneously. The piston 3 lagging behind the piston 2, compresses the already expanded driving fluid propelling the piston 2. TWhen the piston 2 has arrived behind the piston 4, the exhaust valve located opposite the slit 17 which, with respect to the direction of rotation, is located behind the said piston in the position z-a, is opened. Owing to the fact lthat the compression taking place between the pistons 2 and 3 as well as between the pistons 3 and 4 may be regulated, it is possible to obtain an accurate adjustment of the pistons after the completion of their stroke, in relation to the admission valves and the exhaust valves.

A further regulation of the accurate adjustment or setting of the valves and consequently of the pistons may be effected by eifecting the controlling of the valves not only by means of the cams 7, but also by the pistons themselves.

In the illustrated example, the piston disks 25, 26 and 27 are sho-wn provided with projections 20, and the disks 25 and 26 with slidably mounted tappets 2l or the like, several of these tappets are shown arranged side by side. The actuation of the valve connecting rod 22 or the like is effected by the projection 20 on the disk 25 of piston 2. The transmission of the movement from the next piston 3 te the connecting rod is effected by raising the tappet 21 arranged in the disk 25 of piston 2 through the projection 2O provided on the disk 26 of piston 3. In a similar manner the transmission of the movement of the piston 4 to the appertaining valve connecting rod is effected by the projection 20 provided on the disk 27 of piston 4, which projection raises the tappet arranged in front of the same in the disk 26 of piston 3, which tappet then pushes out the tappet in the disk 25 of piston 2, so that the latter raises the valve connecting rod, and thus actuates the respective valve. The arrangement of the projections and the tap- CII pets coperating therewith on the various pistons, is such that the respective valves, for instance, 5 and 6 are actuated precisely at the moments at which the pistons are located in front of the admission ports or the exhaust ports. If as shown in Fig. 2 several tappets are arranged side by side in each piston, then the same are lifted in succession, for instance, by the passing projection of the piston traveling behind the same, until the tappet which is just in front of the valve connecting rod, collides with this rod, raises the same and thus actuates the respective valve. Preferably the tappets are prevented from rotation by projections which engage with suitable recesses provided in the adjacent tappet.

The rod 22 may act by means of a lever 37 and a rod 3S upon the link 12 or the like of the corresponding valve. The engagement between the lever 37 and the rod 38 may be released at the beginning of actuation of the valve from the cam 7, by means of a double-armed lever 39 fulcrumed at 40 and guiding with its upper arm the rod 38.

An engine constructed substantially on the same principle may be used as a pump or the like, the section and the delivery being effected by the pistons.

Vhat I claim is:

l. In a rotary motor the combination of an annular cylinder, having inlet and outlet ports for the motive fluid, located symmetrically around its circumference, three or more pistons revolving intermittently therein, each having a circular length which is an aliquot part of said cylinder, and each situated at the end of its stroke between said inlet and outlet ports, a common main motor shaft, two or more subsidiary shafts driving said main shaft, and disks mounted on said subsidiary shafts, carrying said pistons.

2. In a rotary motor the combination of an annular cylinder having inlet and outlet ports for the motive Huid located symmetrically around lits circumference, valves controlling said ports, camlike operating devices common to all said valves, three or more pistons revolving intermittently therein, each having a circular length which is an aliquot part of said cylinder, and each situated at the end of its stroke between said inlet and outlet ports and means whereby said valves can be operated by Vsaid pistons independently of said cam-like devices.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ROSEMAN-ROZEWSKI BERTOLD.

Witnesses:

CAs'rLE KEITH,

WV. R. ATKINSON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

